Top Bolts Manufacturer & Supplier in Europe

Stud Bolts Manufacturer & Supplier in Europe - PipingProjects.eu

Stud Bolts Manufacturer and Supplier in Europe

PipingProjects.eu is one of the leading Stud Bolts Manufacturer in Europe. We provide a wide range of precisely developed and devoted to quality Stud Bolts to satisfy exacting specifications and performance criteria. We take great satisfaction in providing excellent goods that offer consistency, durability, and dependability in various plumbing and construction applications in our position as a reputable Stud Bolts Supplier in Europe. Thanks to our advanced manufacturing facilities, highly experienced workforce, and cutting-edge technology, we can make Stud Bolts that surpass industry standards and client expectations.

What are Stud Bolts?

Stud bolts are a particular threaded fastener used when a bolted joint has to be fastened with both a bolt and a nut. Stud bolts differ from regular bolts because they have threads on both ends rather than a head. While one end extends outward and is used to fasten a nut, the other end is threaded to fit snugly into a tapped hole. Stud bolts are often employed in pipelines, pressure tanks, and large-scale industrial applications where a flanged connection is necessary. Their connecting two components is dependable and secure, making it simple to assemble and disassemble for maintenance or repairs. To accommodate a range of applications, stud bolts are available in various materials, sizes, thread arrangements, and load requirements.

What sets us apart as a dependable Stud Bolts Manufacturers in Europe?

Choosing us as your reliable Stud Bolts Manufacturer in Europe offers several benefits because of our constant dedication to excellence, innovation, and client satisfaction. Our top goal is precision engineering, and we closely follow strict quality control procedures throughout manufacturing. Our advanced facilities use highly experienced workers and cutting-edge equipment to reliably manufacture bolts that meet or surpass regulatory criteria and industry standards.

Being one of the top Stud Bolts Supplier in Europe, we provide a wide selection of stud bolts suitable for various applications and markets, such as construction, automotive, aerospace, and infrastructure. We tailor our solutions to each customer's unique needs while providing outstanding performance, durability, and dependability—even under the most trying circumstances. Our company is well-positioned to meet and exceed your expectations with a demonstrated history of supplying top-quality Stud Bolts and providing exceptional customer service.

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Stud Bolts Manufatcurer, Supplier and Dealer in Europe

Fastener

Stud Bolts - Specifications

Size : M8 to M95
Inches : 1/2" to 24"
Thread Types : Metric, Metric Course, UNF, Metric Fine, BA, BSF, UNC, UN8, BSW
Manufacturing Process : Cold Forging, Machining, Hot Forging
Temperature Range: -40°C to 500°C (-40°F to 932°F)

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Stud Bolts Specification Chart

PipingProjects.eu is a top Stud Bolts Manufacturer in Europe, provides a large selection of stud bolts in various specifications to suit a range of sizes and grades.

Stud Bolts Size & Specification
Fateners size	Specifications
Metric Sizes	M1 - M100
Imperial Size	1/4" to 4"
Thread Types	BSW, UNF, ISO, UNC, & ACME
Types	Tap End, Double End, Continuous Threaded
DIN Standard	125, 126, 433, 7349
Grade
Stainless Steel	200 Series - 201, 202, 205. 300 Series 301, 302, 303, 304, 304L, 308, 309, 309S, 310, 310S, 314, 316, 316L, 316TI, 317, 317L, 321, 347. 400 Series 405, 409, 429, 430, 430F, 430FSe, 434, 436, 442, 446, 403, 410, 414,416, 416Se, 420,420F, 422, 431, 440A, 440B, 440C. 500 Series - 501, 502. 600 Series - 630 (17-4 PH).
Titanium	Titanium 6-4, Gr 1, Gr 2, Gr 3, Gr 4, Gr 5, Gr 7, Gr 9, 5-2.5, 6-2-4-2, 6-4 ELI, 6-6-2.
Hastelloy	C22, C276, X, B-2.
Monel	400, K500.
Nickel Alloy	Nickel 200 Nickel 201, Alloy 20, Alloy 286, Alloy 218 (Nitronic 60), Nitronic 50 (XM-19).
Cupro Nickel	Cu 90-10 (C70600,CW352H), Cu 70-30 (C71500, CW354H).
Inconel	601, 625, 660A, 718, X-750, 825, 925, 608.
Duplex / Super Duplex	D S31803, D S32205, SD S32750, SD S32760, SD S32950.
Chromium Molybdenum Steel	A387 Gr 2, A387 Gr 12, A387 Gr 11, A387 Gr 22, A387 Gr 22L, A387 Gr 7, A387 Gr 21, A387 Gr 21L, A387 Gr 9, A387 Gr 91.
Nichrome Alloy	CrNi 20/80.
Copper	ASTM B1, ASTM B2, ASTM B3, ASTM B152, ASTM B124, ASTM B133.
Brass	Alloy 260, Alloy 272, Alloy 330, Alloy 353, Alloy 360, Alloy C48200 - C48500, Alloy 464.
Bronze	Alloy 954, Alloy 933.
Case Hardening Steels	10C4, 15C8, 15Cr3, 16Mn5Cr4, 20MnCr5, 15Ni5Cr4Mo1, 15Ni5Cr4Mo2, 20Ni7Mo2, 20NiCrMo2, 14CrNi6.
En Series	En8, En9, En19, En24, En30B, En31, En36, En45, En47, En48.
Mild Steel	Sae 4118, Sae 4120, Sae 4120, Sae 4130, Sae 4135, Sae 4137, Sae 4140, Sae 4142, Sae 4145, Sae 4147, Sae 4150, Sae 4161, Sae 8620.

Applications of Stud Bolts

Flanged Joints: In pipe systems, pressure vessels, and equipment where a leak-tight seal is necessary, stud bolts are often employed to attach flanges. They offer a strong connection that is resistant to extreme heat and pressure.
Heavy Machinery: Turbines, engines, compressors, generators, and other pieces of equipment that require assembly are put together using stud bolts. They offer a strong connection that is resilient to the pressures and vibrations seen in industrial environments.
Structural Engineering: Stud bolts are used in construction and structural engineering projects to secure beams, columns, trusses, and other structural parts. They aid in the construction of safe, sturdy buildings that can endure loads and external pressures.
Automobile Industry: Engine, gearbox, suspension, and exhaust system components are secured by stud bolts in automobile applications. They offer a dependable connection that can withstand the demands of driving a car and the state of the road.
Aerospace Industry: Stud bolts are used in the aerospace sector to secure vital parts of satellite systems, spacecraft, and aeroplanes. They provide a high-strength, lightweight fastening option that satisfies demanding performance and safety standards.
Oil & Gas Industry: In the oil and gas industry, stud bolts are frequently used to join pipes, valves, and other equipment in both onshore and offshore installations. They offer a strong, rust-resistant fastening option appropriate for challenging settings.

Double Ended Studs Weight Chart

As a dependable Stud Bolts Supplier in Europe, In order to help with project planning and precise product selection, we provide our comprehensive Double Ended Stud Weight Chart in Europe, which includes precise information on the weight of various Stud Bolt sizes and kinds.

Double Ended Stud Weights
STUD BOLT LENGTH (in mm)	M10	M12	M14	M16	M20	M22	M24	M30	M36	M39
60	5,6	8,1	12	15,6
70	6,1	8,9	13	16,9
80	6,6	9,6	14	18,2	32,5
90	7,1	10,3	15	19,6	34,5	45,5
100	7,6	11	16	21	36,7	47,2	54,2
110	8,1	11,7	17	22,2	38,7	48,3	58,2
150	10,1	14,9	20,8	27,5	46,9	58,5	69,2	121	192	237
160	10,6	15,6	21,8	29,1	49	61	72,2	126	199	245
170		16,4	22,8	30,4	51,1	63,5	75,2	130	206	253
200				34,5	56,2	71	84	144	226	278
210				35,8	58,5	73,5	88,4	149	233	286
230				38,5	62,6	78,6	94,4	159	247	302
240				39,8	64,7	81,2	97,4	164	253	310
250				41,1	66,8	83,7	100,4	172	260	319
260					68,8	86,3	103,4	177	267	327
270					70,9	88,8	106,4	182	274	335
280					73	91,4	109,4	187	281	343
290					75	93,9	112,4	192	291	360
300					77,1	96,5	115,4	196	298	368
320						101,6	121,3	206	312	380
360							133,3	224	340	411
380								234	353	428
400								243	367	444
420								252	381	460
460								271	408	493
480								281	422	509
500								290	436	526

Various Types of Stud Bolts We Supply

As a prominent Stud Bolts Manufacturers in Europe, Our product range includes a wide range of Stud Bolts that are crafted with accuracy and unwavering commitment to suit various industrial uses.

Double End Studs

Tap End Studs

Weld Studs

Stud Bolts Imperial Weight Chart

Imperial Weight Chart of Stud Bolts
Lengths of Stud Bolts (in inches)	1/2	5/8	3/4	7/8	1	1 1/8	1 1/4	1.3/8	1 1/2	1.5/8	1.3/4	1 7/8
2.1/2	10.8
2.3/4	11.6	19.8
3.1/4	12.4	21	32.4
3.1/2	13.2	22.2	34.3	50
4	14	23.4	36.2	52.6	71.8
4.1/2	14.8	24.6	38.1	55.2	75.2	102
4.3/4	15.6	25.8	40	57.8	78.6	106	137
5	16.4	27	41.9	60.4	82	111	142	179
5.1/2	17.2	28.2	43.8	63	85.4	115	147	186	234
6	18	29.4	45.7	65.6	88.8	119	153	193	242	289
6.1/4	18.8	30.6	47.6	68.2	92.2	123	158	200	250	298	263
6.1/2	19.6	32.3	49.5	70.8	95.6	128	164	206	258	308	374	437
7	20.4	33.5	50.8	73.4	99	132	169	213	266	317	385	449
7.1/2	21.2	34.8	52.7	75.5	103	136	174	220	275	326	396	462
8	22	36.1	54.5	78	106	141	180	226	283	336	407	475
8.1/4		37.3	56.3	80.5	108	145	185	233	291	345	418	488
8.3/4		38.6	58.1	83.1	112	149	191	240	299	354	429	500
9		39.8	60	85.6	115	153	196	246	307	364	440	513
9.1/2		41.1	61.8	88.2	118	158	201	253	316	373	451	526
10			63.7	90.7	122	162	206	260	324	382	463	538
10/1.4				93.3	125	166	212	267	332	391	474	551
1.0.1/2					128	171	217	273	340	401	485	564
11					132	175	223	279	345	410	496	576
11.1/2					135	179	228	285	350	419	507	589
12					138	184	233	292	358	429	518	602

Advantages of Stud Bolts

In many situations when dependable and secure fastening is necessary, using stud bolts has significant benefits. When compared to conventional bolts and screws, one significant benefit is the ability to make a more accurate and robust connection.
Because stud bolts have threads on both ends, aligning and inserting them into pre-drilled holes is simple and eliminates the need to hold them in place from one end. This function makes installation more accessible, especially when restricted access or aligning and securely fastening heavier components is necessary.
The consistent distribution of load and stress throughout the joint is facilitated by stud bolts, which enhances stability and lowers the chance of gradual loosening or failure. Stud bolts offer improved resistance to vibration, shock, and dynamic stresses frequently encountered in industrial machinery, automotive systems, and structural applications because they have a continuous threaded surface over their whole length.
Also, stud bolts are frequently utilized in flanged connections because they make installing and removing components simple without compromising the gasket seal. This reduces the possibility of leaks and downtime during maintenance or repairs.

Double End Threaded Studs Size Chart

As a leading Stud Bolts Manufacturer, We offer a comprehensive Studs Size Chart in that includes precise values for all threaded studs sizes and kinds.

Double End Threaded Studs Sizes
Class 150 Flanges (Stud bolt sizes)						Length of Stud Bolts
NPS	O.D. of Flange	Bolt Holes diameter	Bolt Circle diameter	No. of Bolts	Bolts Diameter	RF 0.06 in	RJ
1/2	3 1/2	5/8	2 3/8	4	1/2	2 1/4	–
3/4	3 7/8	5/8	2 3/4	4	1/2	2 1/2	–
1	4 1/4	5/8	3 1/8	4	1/2	2 1/2	3
1 1/4	4 5/8	5/8	3 1/2	4	1/2	2 3/4	3 1/4
1 1/2	5	5/8	3 7/8	4	1/2	2 3/4	3 1/4
2	6	3/4	4 3/4	4	5/8	3 1/4	3 3/4
2 1/2	7	3/4	5 1/2	4	5/8	3 1/2	4
3	7 1/2	3/4	6	4	5/8	3 1/2	4
3 1/2	8 1/2	3/4	7	8	5/8	3 1/2	4
4	9	3/4	7 1/2	8	5/8	3 1/2	4
5	10	7/8	8 1/2	8	3/4	3 3/4	4 1/4
6	11	7/8	9 1/2	8	3/4	4	4 1/2
8	13 1/2	7/8	11 3/4	8	3/4	4 1/4	4 3/4
10	16	1	14 3/4	12	7/8	4 1/2	5
12	19	1	17	12	7/8	4 3/4	5 1/4
14	21	1 1/8	18 3/4	12	1	5 1/4	5 3/4
16	23 1/2	1 1/8	21 1/4	16	1	5 1/4	5 3/4
18	25	1 1/4	22 3/4	16	1 1/8	5 3/4	6 1/4
20	27 1/2	1 1/4	25	20	1 1/8	6 1/4	6 3/4
24	32	1 1/4	29 1/2	20	1 1/4	6 3/4	7 1/4

how to prevent bolts from rusting or corrosion?

Many preventive actions may be taken to stop stud bolts from rusting or corroding. First, the danger of corrosion is significantly decreased by choosing stud bolts made of corrosion-resistant materials like alloy steel, stainless steel, or galvanized steel with protective coatings.
These materials are less prone to rust development and are designed to survive extreme weather conditions. Additionally, stud bolt surfaces can be protected from moisture, chemicals, and corrosive elements by adding protective coatings or platings like epoxy, zinc plating, or galvanizing. Proper installation methods are crucial to preserve the integrity of the protective coatings and the bolts' ability to withstand corrosion over time. This includes tightening the bolts to the torque parameters advised by the manufacturer.
Crucial components of corrosion protection for stud bolts are routine maintenance and inspection. Failing fasteners may be quickly identified and replaced by routinely checking the bolts for corrosion, rust, or damage. To further improve corrosion resistance, apply anti-seize or corrosion inhibitor chemicals to the stud bolt surfaces and threads before installation.
When choosing stud bolts for a particular application, it's also critical to consider environmental considerations like moisture content, exposure to seawater, or corrosive chemicals. Stud bolts may continue to be solid and dependable parts in various industrial, construction, and infrastructure contexts by putting these preventative measures into place and carrying out routine maintenance, guaranteeing the integrity and safety of secured joints for the duration of their service life.

Stud Bolts Weight Chart

Weight Chart of Stud Bolt
Length	Stud Bolt Sizes (Weight in Kilograms)
Length	3/8"	7/16"	1/2"	9/16"	5/8"	3/4"	7/8"	1"	1.1/8"	1.1/4"	1.3/8"	1.1/2"
50mm	0.024	0.032	0.044	0.055	0.070	0.103	0.141	0.185	0.238	0.299	0.366	0.441
55mm	0.026	0.035	0.048	0.060	0.076	0.112	0.154	0.202	0.260	0.326	0.399	0.481
60mm	0.028	0.038	0.052	0.065	0.083	0.122	0.166	0.218	0.281	0.353	0.432	0.521
65mm	0.030	0.041	0.056	0.070	0.089	0.131	0.179	0.235	0.303	0.380	0.466	0.561
70mm	0.032	0.044	0.060	0.075	0.095	0.140	0.192	0.252	0.325	0.407	0.499	0.601
75mm	0.034	0.047	0.064	0.080	0.102	0.150	0.205	0.269	0.346	0.434	0.532	0.641
80mm	0.037	0.050	0.068	0.085	0.108	0.159	0.218	0.286	0.368	0.462	0.565	0.681
85mm	0.039	0.053	0.072	0.090	0.114	0.168	0.230	0.302	0.390	0.489	0.599	0.721
90mm	0.041	0.056	0.076	0.095	0.121	0.178	0.243	0.316	0.411	0.516	0.632	0.761
95mm	0.043	0.059	0.081	0.100	0.127	0.187	0.256	0.336	0.433	0.543	0.665	0.801
100mm	0.045	0.061	0.085	0.105	0.133	0.196	0.269	0.353	0.455	0.570	0.698	0.841
105mm	0.047	0.064	0.089	0.110	0.140	0.206	0.282	0.370	0.476	0.597	0.732	0.881
110mm	0.050	0.067	0.093	0.115	0.146	0.215	0.294	0.386	0.498	0.624	0.765	0.921
115mm	0.052	0.070	0.097	0.120	0.152	0.224	0.307	0.403	0.520	0.652	0.798	0.961
120mm	0.054	0.073	0.101	0.125	0.159	0.234	0.320	0.420	0.541	0.679	0.831	1.001
125mm	0.056	0.076	0.105	0.130	0.165	0.243	0.333	0.437	0.563	0.706	0.865	1.041
130mm	0.058	0.079	0.109	0.135	0.171	0.252	0.346	0.454	0.585	0.733	0.898	1.081
135mm	0.060	0.082	0.113	0.140	0.178	0.262	0.358	0.470	0.606	0.760	0.931	1.121
140mm	0.062	0.085	0.117	0.145	0.184	0.271	0.371	0.487	0.628	0.787	0.964	1.161
145mm	0.065	0.088	0.121	0.150	0.191	0.281	0.384	0.504	0.650	0.815	0.998	1.202
150mm	0.067	0.091	0.125	0.155	0.197	0.290	0.397	0.521	0.671	0.842	1.031	1.242
155mm	0.069	0.094	0.129	0.159	0.203	0.299	0.410	0.538	0.693	0.869	1.064	1.282
160mm	0.071	0.097	0.133	0.164	0.210	0.309	0.422	0.554	0.714	0.896	1.097	1.322
165mm	0.073	0.100	0.137	0.169	0.216	0.318	0.435	0.571	0.736	0.923	1.131	1.362
170mm	0.075	0.102	0.141	0.174	0.222	0.327	0.448	0.588	0.758	0.950	1.164	1.402
175mm	0.078	0.105	0.145	0.179	0.229	0.337	0.461	0.605	0.779	0.977	1.197	1.442
180mm	0.080	0.108	0.149	0.184	0.235	0.346	0.474	0.622	0.801	1.005	1.230	1.482
185mm	0.082	0.111	0.153	0.189	0.241	0.355	0.486	0.638	0.823	1.032	1.264	1.522
190mm	0.084	0.114	0.157	0.194	0.248	0.365	0.499	0.655	0.844	1.059	1.297	1.562
195mm	0.086	0.117	0.161	0.199	0.254	0.374	0.512	0.672	0.866	1.086	1.330	1.602
200mm	0.088	0.120	0.165	0.204	0.260	0.383	0.525	0.689	0.888	1.113	1.363	1.642
205mm	0.091	0.123	0.169	0.209	0.267	0.393	0.538	0.706	0.909	1.140	1.397	1.682
210mm	0.093	0.126	0.173	0.214	0.273	0.402	0.550	0.722	0.931	1.167	1.430	1.722
215mm	0.095	0.129	0.177	0.219	0.279	0.411	0.563	0.739	0.953	1.195	1.463	1.762
220mm	0.097	0.132	0.181	0.224	0.286	0.421	0.576	0.756	0.974	1.222	1.496	1.802
225mm	0.099	0.135	0.185	0.229	0.292	0.430	0.589	0.773	0.996	1.249	1.530	1.842
230mm	0.1010	0.138	0.189	0.234	0.298	0.439	0.602	0.790	1.018	1.276	1.563	1.882
235mm	0.103	0.141	0.193	0.239	0.305	0.449	0.614	0.806	1.039	1.303	1.596	1.922
240mm	0.106	0.143	0.197	0.244	0.311	0.458	0.627	0.823	1.061	1.330	1.629	1.962
245mm	0.108	0.146	0.201	0.249	0.318	0.468	0.640	0.840	1.083	1.358	1.663	2.003
250mm	0.110	0.149	0.205	0.254	0.324	0.477	0.653	0.857	1.104	1.385	1.696	2.043
255mm	0.112	0.152	0.209	0.259	0.330	0.486	0.666	0.874	1.126	1.412	1.729	0.083
260mm	0.114	0.155	0.213	0.264	0.337	0.496	0.678	0.890	1.147	1.439	1.762	2.123
265mm	0.116	0.158	0.217	0.269	0.343	0.505	0.691	0.907	1.169	1.466	1.796	2.163
270mm	0.119	0.161	0.221	0.274	0.349	0.514	0.704	0.924	1.191	1.493	1.829	2.203
275mm	0.121	0.164	0.225	0.279	0.356	0.524	0.717	0.941	1.212	1.520	1.862	2.243
280mm	0.123	0.167	0.229	0.284	0.362	0.533	0.730	0.958	1.234	1.548	1.895	2.283
285mm	0.125	0.170	0.233	0.289	0.368	0.542	0.742	0.974	1.256	1.575	1.929	2.323
290mm	0.127	0.173	0.237	0.294	0.375	0.552	0.755	0.991	1.277	1.602	1.962	2.363
295mm	0.129	0.176	0.242	0.299	0.381	0.561	0.768	1.008	1.299	1.629	1.995	2.403
300mm	0.131	0.179	0.246	0.304	0.387	0.570	0.781	1.025	1.321	1.656	2.028	2.443
305mm	0.134	0.182	0.250	0.309	0.394	0.580	0.794	1.042	1.342	1.683	2.062	2.483
310mm	0.136	0.184	0.254	0.314	0.400	0.589	0.806	1.058	1.364	1.710	2.095	2.523
315mm	0.138	0.187	0.258	0.319	0.406	0.598	0.819	1.075	1.386	1.738	2.128	2.563
320mm	0.140	0.190	0.262	0.324	0.413	0.608	0.832	1.092	1.407	1.765	2.161	2.603
325mm	0.142	0.193	0.266	0.329	0.419	0.617	0.845	1.109	1.429	1.792	2.195	2.643
330mm	0.144	0.196	0.270	0.334	0.425	0.626	0.858	1.126	1.451	1.819	2.228	2.683
335mm	0.147	0.199	0.274	0.339	0.432	0.636	0.870	1.142	1.472	1.846	2.260	2.723
340mm	0.149	0.202	0.278	0.344	0.438	0.645	0.883	1.59	1.494	1.873	2.294	2.763
345mm	0.151	0.205	0.282	0.349	0.445	0.655	0.896	1.176	1.516	1.901	2.328	2.804
350mm	0.153	0.208	0.286	0.354	0.451	0.664	0.909	1.193	1.537	1.928	2.361	2.844
355mm	0.155	0.211	0.290	0.359	0.457	0.673	0.922	1.210	1.559	1.955	2.394	2.884
360mm	0.157	0.214	0.294	0.364	0.464	0.683	0.934	1.226	1.580	1.982	2.427	2.924
365mm	0.159	0.217	0.298	0.369	0.470	0.692	0.947	1.243	1.602	2.009	2.461	2.964
370mm	0.162	0.220	0.302	0.374	0.476	0.701	0.960	1.260	1.624	2.036	2.494	3.004
375mm	0.164	0.223	0.306	0.379	0.483	0.711	0.973	1.277	1.645	2.063		3.044
380mm	0.166	0.225	0.310	0.384	0.489	0.720	0.986	1.294	1.667	2.091		3.084
385mm	0.168	0.228	0.314	0.389	0.495	0.729	0.998	1.310	1.689	2.118	2.594	3.124
390mm	0.170	0.231	0.318	0.394	0.502	0.739	1.011	1.327	1.710	2.145	2.627	3.164
395mm	0.172	0.234	0.322	0.399	0.508	0.748	1.024	1.344	1.732	2.172	2.660	3.204
400mm	0.175	0.237	0.326	0.404	0.514	0.757	1.037	1.361	1.754	2.199	2.693	3.244
405mm	0.177	0.240	0.330	0.409	0.521	0.767	1.050	1.378	1.775	2.226	2.727	3.284
410mm	0.179	0.243	0.334	0.414	0.527	0.776	1.062	1.394	1.797	2.253	2.760	3.324
415mm	0.181	0.246	0.338	0.419	0.533	0.785	1.075	1.411	1.819	2.281	2.793	3.364
420mm	0.183	0.249	0.342	0.424	0.540	0.795	1.088	1.428	1.840	2.308	2.826	3.404
425mm	0.185	0.252	0.346	0.429	0.546	0.804	1.101	1.445	1.862	2.335	2.860	3.444
430mm	0.187	0.255	0.350	0.434	0.552	0.813	1.114	1.462	1.884	2.362	2.893	3.484
435mm	0.190	0.258	0.354	0.439	0.559	0.823	1.126	1.478	1.905	2.389	2.926	3.524
440mm	0.192	0.261	0.358	0.444	0.565	0.832	1.139	1.495	1.927	2.416	2.959	3.564
445mm	0.194	0.264	0.362	0.449	0.572	0.842	1.152	1.512	1.949	2.444	2.993	3.605
450mm	0.196	0.266	0.366	0.454	0.578	0.851	1.165	1.529	1.970	2.471	3.026	3.645
455mm	0.198	0.269	0.370	0.459	0.584	0.860	1.178	1.546	1.992	2.498	3.059	3.685
460mm	0.200	0.272	0.374	0.464	0.591	0.870	1.190	1.562	2.013	2.525	3.092	3.725
465mm	0.203	0.275	0.378	0.468	0.597	0.879	1.203	1.579	2.035	2.552	3.126	3.765
470mm	0.205	0.278	0.382	0.473	0.603	0.888	1.216	1.596	2.057	2.579	3.159	3.805
475mm	0.207	0.281	0.386	0.478	0.610	0.898	1.229	1.613	2.078	2.606	3.192	3.845
480mm	0.209	0.284	0.390	0.483	0.616	0.907	1.242	1.630	2.100	2.634	3.225	3.885
485mm	0.211	0.287	0.394	0.488	0.622	0.916	1254	1.646	2.122	2.661	3.259	3.925
490mm	0.213	0.290	0.398	0.493	0.629	0.926	1.267	1.663	2.143	2.688	3.292	3.965
495mm	0.216	0.293	0.403	0.498	0.635	0.935	1.280	1.680	2.165	2.715	3.325	4.005
500mm	0.218	0.296	0.407	0.503	0.641	0.944	1.293	1.697	2.187	2.742	3.358	4.045